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World Diabetes Day - Year of the Child
世界糖尿病日—儿童年
Celebrate the first United Nations observed World Diabetes Day
庆祝首次联合国关注的世界糖尿病日
On December 20 2006, the General Assembly of the United Nations passed a landmark Resolution recognizing diabetes as a chronic, debilitating and costly disease. The Resolution designates World Diabetes Day as a United Nations Day to be observed every year starting in 2007.
在2006年12月20日，联合国大会通过了一项划时代的决策确定糖尿病为一种慢性、消耗性且花费巨大的疾病。该决议确定从2007年开始，世界糖尿病日作为联合国关注日。
The UN Resolution makes World Diabetes Day stronger than ever and provides the opportunity for a significant increase in the visibility of the campaign and an increase in government and media participation on or around November 14. The Resolution will ensure even greater reach for awareness-raising activities throughout the diabetes world.
联合国决议使世界糖尿病日更受关注，使各种团体对其关注度增加，政府和媒体在11月14日左右也会增加对其关注度。该决议更确保了在整个糖尿病世界中，受到更大的关注。
Diabetes in Children and Adolescents
少年儿童糖尿病
The theme of this year's World Diabetes Day campaign is Diabetes in Children and Adolescents.Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases of childhood. It can strike children at any age, including pre-school children and even toddlers. Yet diabetes in children is often diagnosed late, when the child has diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), or it is misdiagnosed completely. In many parts of the world, insulin, the main life-saving medication that children with diabetes need to survive, is not available (or is available but remains inaccessible for reasons of economy, geography or constraints on supply). As a consequence, many children die of diabetes, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Those closest to the child - family, school staff, family doctor - may not be aware of the ominous signs. The World Diabetes Day 2007 and 2008 campaigns set out to challenge this and firmly establish the message that ‘no child should die of diabetes'.
今年糖尿病日活动的主题是少年儿童糖尿病。糖尿病是儿童期常见的慢性病之一。各年龄段儿童均可发病，包括学龄前儿童甚至幼儿。然而，儿童糖尿病的确诊通常较晚，一般在儿童发生糖尿病性酮症（DKA）时发现，或者完全被误诊。在世界的许多地区，很难获得糖尿病患儿生存和挽救生命的唯一药物—胰岛素（或者可以获得胰岛素，但是由于经济、地理或严格的供应限制，胰岛素的供应仍然不足）。其结果导致许多儿童死于糖尿病，尤其是在中、低等收入的国家中。与孩子最亲近的人-家庭成员、学校老师、家庭医生-可能没有注意到不良的预兆。2007年和2008年世界糖尿病日活动确定向此现象挑战，使人们认识到“不应该有孩子死于糖尿病。”
Today, more than 240 million people worldwide are living with diabetes. Within 20 years, this number is expected to grow to 380 million. Children are not spared from this global epidemic, with its debilitating and life-threatening complications. Type 1 diabetes is growing by 3% per year in children and adolescents, and at an alarming 5% per year among pre-school children. It is estimated that 70,000 children under 15 develop type 1 diabetes each year (almost 200 children a day). Of the estimated 440,000 cases of type 1 diabetes in children worldwide, more than a quarter live in South-East Asia, and more than a fifth in Europe. Type 2 diabetes was once seen as a disease of adults. Today, this type of diabetes is growing at alarming rates in children and adolescents. In the US, it is estimated that type 2 diabetes represents between 8 and 45% of new-onset diabetes cases in children depending on geographic location. Over a 20-year period, type 2 diabetes has doubled in children in Japan, so that it is now more common than type 1. In native and aboriginal children in North America and Australia, the prevalence rate of type 2 diabetes ranges from 1.3 to 5.3%.
今天，全世界也有2.4亿人患有糖尿病。20年内，预计该数字将上升为3.8亿。儿童无法幸免于这种消耗性且可导致危及生病并发症的全球性流行病。在少年儿童中，1型糖尿病以每年3%的增长速度增长，并且令人担忧的是，在学龄前儿童中，其每年增长速度为5%。预计每年约有7万15岁以下新发1型糖尿病患儿（相当于每天有200位儿童发病）。在全球4.4万糖尿病患儿中，超过4/1儿童在东南亚，多于1/5的患儿在欧洲。2型糖尿病曾一度被认为是成人性疾病。今天，该类糖尿病在少年儿童中的发病率增长极快。在美国，由于地理位置的不同，在2型糖尿病中，儿童患者占8-45%。在20年间，日本患2行糖尿病患儿的数量增长了一倍，因此患该类糖尿病在儿童中比1型糖尿病更常见。在北美和澳大利亚本土和土族儿童中，2型糖尿病的流行率为1.3-5.3%。
Diabetes is different for children
对儿童而言，糖尿病是不同的
Diabetes has a unique impact on children and their families. The daily life of children is disrupted by the need to monitor blood glucose levels, take medication, and balance the effect of activity and food. Diabetes can interfere with the normal developmental tasks of childhood and adolescence, which include succeeding in school and transitioning to adulthood. To help the child and family cope, and to ensure the best possible physical and emotional health of the child, care should be delivered by a multidisciplinary team with good knowledge of paediatric issues. Support must also be given to caregivers and to school personnel. In this way, children with type 1 or type 2 diabetes can reach adulthood with as little adverse impact as possible on their well-being. For children with diabetes in developing countries the situation at present is bleak.
糖尿病对儿童及其家庭的影响是独特的。由于需要监测血糖水平，服用药物以及平衡活动量和饮食量，儿童的日常生活受到干扰。糖尿病可干扰儿童期以及少年期的正常发展，这包括顺利的完成学业和成人期的过渡。为了帮助儿童和家庭面对该疾病，同时尽可能保证儿童生理和心理的健康，应有一支具有良好儿科学知识的跨学科团队对儿童进行护理。同时需要给予护理者以及学校员工支持。这样，患有1或2型糖尿病的患儿在进入他们成人期时，可以如他们健康时一样，收到尽可能少的负面影响。发展中国家的糖尿病患儿，其情况不容乐观。
The campaign aims to raise awareness of the rising prevalence of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents. Early diagnosis and early education are crucial to reducing complications and saving lives. The healthcare community, educators, parents and guardians must join forces to help children living with diabetes, prevent the condition in those at risk, and avoid unnecessary death and disability.
活动目的在于提高对1、2型少年儿童糖尿病发病率提升的关注度。早期诊断和早期教育对于降低并发症发生和挽救生命是至关重要的。健康保健中心，教育者，父母以及指导者需要联合起来，帮助糖尿病患儿，预防危险情况的出现，避免不必要的死亡和致残。
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